We were discussing this on another thread, but I agree it deserves its own.
I will summarize what I have learned through fairly extensive research.
Cannabis is a C3 plant. As such it does not need any darkness during vegetation. The Calvin cycle, which is sometimes known as the "dark cycle" operates in C3 plants all the time or they are dead. It is inaccurately called the "dark cycle" because it does not need light, however it also does not need darkness.
During light, your plant produces sugars and other chemicals needed to run the Calvin cycle. Your plant stores a portion of these for use when there is no light so that the Calvin cycle can continue and the plant doesn't die.
Now the interesting part...
The production of most cannabinoids is powered by the Calvin cycle. So they are being produced 24 hours a day in the later part of flowering even though the lights are on only 12 (or less!?). Light actually degrades compounds like THC. In some parts of the plant, light degrades them faster than the plant can produce them. Thus, your plant is making THC all 24 hours, but a portion is burning off when the lights are on. You need to keep running the lights so that the plant can do all that it needs and recharge its reservoirs to power the Calvin cycle. But at harvest, you no longer care about the long term health of the plant. Leaving it in extended darkness depletes you plants reservoirs as it will continue powering the Calvin cycle (and making THC) as long as it can.
The above is also why most growers harvest in the morning or before the lights come on, even if they don't do extended darkness.
If you are growing Autos and leaving them on long days up to harvest, I would also consider this carefully.
I plan to increase darkness to 14 hours for the final weeks of Flower and will leave the plants in darkness (if I can, there are more than one) for 48 hours before harvest.