The pix of the bud on the knife, looks like an out of focus bluish haze or mist. If up close and personal it looks like whitish fuzz then yeah probably mold. The musty, damp basement, (like dirt?) smell is the confirmation. I would err on the side of caution. I assume your jars are sealed? If so, no need to circulate air around the outside of the jars except if it is necessary to control temperature. If no symptoms in the other jars, then they should be good to go. Unless you open the jars next to each other or mix the content, it is unlikely they will cross contaminate.
Something to remember, we all live in a sea of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. It is endemic to our environment, meaning it is everywhere. It is only when favorable environmental conditions occur that one of the 3 will get a foot hold and start to grow out of control. The way to prevent mold growth is to deny favorable conditions. There was most likely excess moisture somewhere along the line. It can start when the plant is living, or after harvest. Unless the buds were mixed together, or exposed to the same processing equipment the other jars should be good, just watch them. The jars are in the house in the living area? What temperature. I keep mine in a cooler area of the house in the 40-50* F range.
Perhaps this is a good argument in favor of bud washing using at least one bath of water and peroxide.